The "Auto Blue Book - China Automotive Industry Development Report 2009" issued by the Development Research Center of the State Council recently pointed out that the survival conditions of China's auto parts companies are increasingly worrying. The reporter also discovered at the 2009 China (Changchun) International Auto Show that the problems that have plagued the development of China's auto parts are: small quantities, small scale, low-end product concentration, and lack of key core technologies. To solve these problems, we need government policy guidance and corporate technological innovation.
- Domestic companies face problems: small scale, low-end products, and tight funds
After attending the 2009 China (Changchun) International Automotive Technology Forum and the 6th China (Changchun) International Auto Parts Fair, the reporter found on the 16th that the disadvantages of domestic auto parts companies are small and the low-end products have not fundamentally changed. At the same time, it also faces new problems such as falling profits and insufficient liquidity.
First, the company is small and weak. The 6th China (Changchun) International Auto Parts Fair was opened on the 16th, with nearly 400 auto parts, auto insurance, and automotive supplies companies from more than a dozen provinces and cities across the country participating. However, compared with the excitement of the auto show, the parts and components exhibition did not have a modern stadium, no well-decorated booths, and only open-air temporary houses and simple shelves. The venue was also much quieter. The reason why such a sharp contrast is formed is that the most fundamental reason for this is that the parts and components companies are small in size and weak in strength. Without strong financial support, it is difficult to get a “flatteringâ€.
It is understood that as of the end of 2007, there are more than 8,000 auto parts companies in China, but the proportion of domestically owned large auto parts enterprises is still less than 1% in the whole industry, and large and medium-sized enterprises are also less than 15%. Although there are a large number of auto parts companies in China, it is difficult to compete with foreign parts companies due to the lack of large-scale supporting enterprise groups and lack of well-known brands.
The second is the low end of the product, which is far from the international advanced level. The reporter visited all the exhibition areas of the parts and components exhibition and found that the exhibits were mostly shock absorbers, radiators, brake pads, axle suspension, wheels, etc., and were related to the core components of automotive electronics, engines, and automatic transmissions. There is basically no exhibit. According to statistics, 90% of the market share and manufacturing capacity of domestic-funded parts and components enterprises are concentrated in low-end products; while the remaining 10% of domestic-funded enterprises involved in high-end products have also entered into joint ventures with foreign companies; In the field of core parts and components that are monopolized by foreign capital, domestic companies have not achieved major breakthroughs.
Dr. Yuanxian Zhu, Technical Director of Witt EFI Co., Ltd., at the 2009 China (Changchun) International Automotive Technology Forum, said that the automotive engine EFI technology is a typical automotive core component technology, but as early as 2000, In the process of EFI implementation of Chinese automobile gasoline engines, the technologies of Bosch and Delphi have basically monopolized the Chinese market. The monopoly of foreign auto parts giants on EFI technology has made China's auto engine manufacturing industry pay a high price in meeting the national III emission standards. What is even more alarming is that in recent years, Bosch and Denso have invested heavily in Wuxi and Changzhou to establish diesel EFI product production bases. They plan to use China's implementation of the EU III emission regulations to seize the Chinese diesel engine market.
Different from the low-end impression that domestic parts exhibits leave behind, Bosch (Suzhou) Parts Co., Ltd. Dr. Chen Liming, Director of the Chassis Control System in China, demonstrated the Bosch integrated active and passive safety system (CAPS) at the technical forum, but it attracted people. Attention. According to Dr. Chen Liming, CAPS is an electronic network system that utilizes all relevant vehicle information and all applicable actuators to inform, warn or assist drivers, and even to intervene autonomously to provide better collisions when unavoidable. Protection and rescue support includes advanced rollover sensing, secondary collision mitigation, and predictive collision warning. In addition to energy conservation and environmental protection, the automotive industry has developed to the current stage, and consumers are increasingly demanding the safety of automobiles. This is enough to show that Bosch's technology in security has gone far ahead of domestic companies.
In addition, after interviewing some of the participating companies, the reporter learned that domestic parts and components companies are still faced with real problems such as falling profits and insufficient liquidity in their production and operations.
The 2009 China auto parts industry research and survey released by global business consulting company AlixPartners Consulting Company in 2009 showed that under the financial crisis, a considerable number of parts and components manufacturers faced decline in sales revenue, lower profit margins, and shrinking export markets. The problem; about one-quarter of companies lack sufficient funds to survive the liquidity crisis; 20% of component suppliers have suffered a net loss in 2008; 50% of suppliers expect 2009 net profit margin to be less than 5%.
With the combination of new and old issues, the domestic auto parts companies' living conditions are increasingly worrying. It must arouse the attention of governments and enterprises. The government should provide financial support and policy guidance. Enterprises must independently innovate and increase technological R&D investment. Master key technologies. --Policy guidance and corporate technological innovation are solutions to the problem
During the interview with the Parts and Components Fair, some exhibitors reported that the lagging of the overall strength of China's auto parts is closely related to the low degree of attention of national policies. From the perspective of the policies issued by various national and local governments, the development of the vehicle The degree of attention is much higher than automotive parts.
On the one hand, the problem of policy deficiencies not only causes foreign companies to form monopolies in the domestic parts and components market, but also causes domestic-funded parts and components companies to lag behind foreign suppliers of parts and components in terms of capital investment and product development, and lags behind the development of complete vehicles. The data shows that the ratio of R&D input from domestic auto parts companies to sales revenue is only about 0.6% for several consecutive years, but the proportion of multinational parts companies can reach 7% to 10%.
It is understood that although the "automobile industry adjustment and revitalization plan" also clearly states that "the key parts and components technologies will be autonomous", there is still a lack of concrete policies to implement them. This led to the overwhelming majority of domestic-funded parts and components companies difficult to obtain funding and technical support, and can not form a stable supply and demand relationship with the vehicle manufacturers.
Zhang Xiaozheng, vice president of China Federation of Machinery Industry and president of the China Association of Automotive Engineers, stated at the 2009 China (Changchun) International Automobile Forum on the 15th that China must have solid parts in order to realize the goal of strengthening the automobile industry by 2020. Industrial foundation. Therefore, accelerating the development of China's auto parts industry is a top priority for improving the competitiveness of China's auto industry. The government should provide support in terms of funding, and guide policies to support the development of auto parts industry as supporting the development of the auto industry.
On the other hand, the monopoly trend of foreign investment in China's auto parts and components industry not only restricts the healthy development of the Chinese auto industry, but also undermines the interests of Chinese consumers. Therefore, as a domestic parts and components company, it must be independent innovation, increase investment in technology research and development, and master key technologies.
On the 16th at the Technical Forum, Academician Guo Konghui of the Chinese Academy of Engineering pointed out that the current status of chassis technology in the automotive industry points out that most companies lack the capacity for chassis adjustment and that the new development chassis for cars must be adjusted overseas, and adjustments and quotation are generally required. One million dollars to two million dollars. Therefore, the healthy development of China's auto industry urgently needs the support of independent development of core parts and technologies, otherwise it can only be controlled by others, and profits are freely available to others.
The reporter learned at the technical forum that under the circumstances that the current domestic spare parts enterprises have independent R&D investment and the level is relatively low, they can adopt the method of introducing advanced foreign technology first, then digesting and absorbing new innovations, and turning the technology of others into their own technology. .
Liaoning Xinfeng Enterprise Group Co., Ltd. referred to He Guangyuan, former Minister of Machinery Industry, as "a model for introducing and re-innovating technology." The company's deputy general manager Li Shaoan introduced at the 2009 China (Changchun) International Automobile Technology Forum that in January 2006, the company signed a contract for the introduction of a common rail technology license with the Swiss CRT company of the MALI Group under Liebherr and the German BSG company. Efforts are made to carry out innovative development. Among them, five amendments have already obtained the national utility model patent right, and have mastered the common rail technology with independent intellectual property rights to meet the requirements of the Euro III, Euro IV and Euro V emission standards for domestic diesel engines. The experience of Liaoning Xinfeng proves that innovative development based on the introduction will be a wise choice.
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