The "12th Five-Year Plan" is the key period for whether or not China's energy transition can fulfill its mission. During the "Twelfth Five-Year Plan" period, what major policy changes will China's energy industry have? With this kind of problem, participating in China's energy strategy and " In the gap between the 12th Five-Year Energy Development Forum, the reporter specially interviewed Zhou Dadi, deputy director of the National Energy Experts Advisory Committee and executive vice chairman of the China Energy Research Association.
Energy structure must make major adjustments
Q: As you said, China will become the world’s largest energy consumer. With this kind of development prospect, what kind of transformation should China's energy industry take?
Zhou Dadi: Indeed, China will soon become the world’s largest energy consumer. If China’s energy consumption maintains an average growth rate of 8.9% since the beginning of this century, China’s energy consumption will reach nearly 8 billion tons of standard coal in 2020, accounting for more than half of the world’s total energy consumption. Even if China's economy continues to grow at a rate of 8.9%, and China can continue to achieve a 20% reduction in energy consumption per unit of GDP for 5 years, then China's energy consumption will account for more than 30% of the world after 2020.
Therefore, this energy consumption challenge is very serious. This kind of economic growth will be severely constrained by energy resources. In order to support the scientific development of the economy and society, it is necessary to put forward necessary total control targets for energy consumption and to plan the development speed, industrial structure, and consumption patterns.
At present, China's GDP accounts for 7% of the world's total production, but it consumes 17.7% of the world's total energy consumption. The reason is that the current growth content is too high to rely on traditional fixed assets investment and export external demand, making the industrial structure too biased. Industry, emphasis on basic raw materials and general manufacturing. At the same time, the energy efficiency of energy-using equipment is low and the proportion of coal is high, which further reduces the energy efficiency. To this end, China's energy development in the future must be turned to efficient, green and low-carbon.
40 years of energy industry transformation
Q: You are the main participant in the formulation of China's medium- and long-term energy strategy plan. Can you tell us what the content of this plan is?
Zhou Dadi: We believe that China's energy industry needs to be transformed and will be completed after 2050. By then, China will have a new energy system with Chinese characteristics and will enter a relatively free phase of the development of green and low-carbon energy. Then in the 40 years before 2050, it is the transition period of China's energy system, and the energy industry will undergo revolutionary changes. What we set for this period is the medium and long-term energy strategic plan.
The connotation of this plan is a scientific, efficient, green, low-carbon energy strategy. Science is a general strategic feature. It means under the guidance of the scientific concept of development and under the support of scientific and technological advancement, scientific development in the energy field is used to support the scientific development of economy and society; high efficiency. First, energy saving is prioritized and energy efficiency is a priority. On the scientific balance of energy processes, the second is a high level of energy economic efficiency; green (environmental) is to achieve environmentally friendly energy development and utilization; low carbon means significantly reduce the intensity of greenhouse gas emissions, and effective control of greenhouse gas emissions increase.
Use tax to adjust energy prices
Question: In the 40 years before 2050, especially during the period of the "Twelfth Five-Year Plan", it was the "treasure period" for China's energy strategy. During the "Twelfth Five-Year" period, what are the key energy policies in China?
Zhou Dadi: The “12th Five-Year Plan†is a critical period for whether the task of energy transformation in China can be completed. It needs to focus on promoting the development of nuclear power, hydropower and natural gas, accelerating coal cleanliness and safe production, and supporting the innovative development of non-water renewable energy sources. Take effective measures to change the development model of the automotive industry and the construction industry, etc. It is recommended that the country make overall plans and implement them in separate channels.
Q: You mentioned that we need to accelerate the adjustment of energy policies. What are the contents?
Zhou Dadi: Should speed up energy-related policy adjustments, including the introduction of resource tax, energy consumption tax, emission tax, carbon tax, property tax, and further adjustment of energy prices.
We should use strong economic policies as a lever to force the internal motivation of local and corporate energy-saving and emission reduction. We introduced policies on resource taxes, energy consumption taxes, emission taxes, carbon taxes, and property taxes to further adjust energy prices, strengthen resource management, and improve various types of access energy efficiency standards.
Q: Why should the property tax be considered in the policies for the energy industry?
Zhou Dadi: This property tax is indeed a tax item for real estate. In fact, currently China's construction industry consumes a lot of energy and does not form a rigid constraint on building energy conservation. We believe that the use of energy-saving materials and energy-saving designs for buildings to constrain property taxes will reduce the energy consumption of buildings and form a building supply that is predominantly energy-efficient. (People's Daily reporter Zhou Ting)
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