Scientists from Arizona State University (ASU) and researchers from the National Center for Nanosciences (NCNST) of the Chinese Academy of Sciences collaborated to develop a biotargeting mechanism called Aptamer. They have developed a programmable DNA nanobot, which is said to implant in the body's tumor and then block blood supply, thereby affecting tumor growth and metastasis.
Aptamers are DNA or RNA sequences that bind only to specific molecular targets and can attach to proteins, nucleic acids, cells, tissues, and even organisms. Researchers at Arizona State University have designed biotargeted target aptamers called nucleolin proteins.
The cells inside the blood vessel surface are called endothelial cells. Nucleolin is only produced in large quantities by endothelial cells in tumors. Nucleolin is not found on healthy cell surfaces. (Remember: This is important!)
The researchers produced DNA that included the nucleolin target aptamer and formed the DNA on a 60 x 90 nm slice. An average of 4 enzyme molecules called thrombin (coagulant) are attached to each sheet.
DNA strands can be folded. Over the past two decades, researchers have learned how to program DNA under certain conditions, folding it and unfolding it into various shapes. This process is called “DNA origamiâ€. Arizona State University has been leading DNA origami technology for a long time.
The DNA flake structure can be crooked into a tube, and the thrombin molecules are entrapped into the body
This DNA origami technique is the basis of DNA nanobots. The researchers programmed their DNA sheets and turned their cr around a tube around thrombin, and then implanted DNA robots into experimental mice with cancerous tumors.
The DNA nanobot then shuttles through the mouse's blood until it finally reaches the tumor's blood vessel. Once these DNA robots find that the nucleolin in the tumor is attached, the thrombin is delivered to the tumor to form a blockage during the deployment, and a thrombus is formed in the tumor blood supply blood vessel. However, if you do not accidentally kill the cancer cells, the result is quite cruel.
In general, doctors do not want coagulants to circulate freely in the patient's system, because this can lead to the risk of clots causing stroke. However, since nucleolin cannot be found in healthy cells, this method must be very safe because there is not enough nucleolin in the human body to trigger enough DNA robots to release sufficient clotting agent, which may be inside the tumor. Problems arise anywhere other than.
DNA sheet with thrombin
The researchers used eight white mice in the experiment. After 24 hours of treatment, they all produced tumor tissue damage. The DNA nanobots also cleared and disintegrated from the body at the same time. Late thrombosis (blood clots) occurred two days later, and thrombosis in all tumor vessels was observed after three days. Three mice showed complete regression of the tumor. In addition, the researchers also pointed out that this will not affect the vascular system of healthy organizations.
According to Milton Glick, director of the Molecular Design and Bionics Center at the Institute of Biological Design at the Arizona State University, and professor of molecular sciences, Milton Glick points out, "This technique can be used for many types of cancer because all blood vessels for solid tumors are basically the same. ."
Photo Paper,Paper Photo Copy,High Denisity Photo Paper,Photo Paper Glossy
Jiangsu Aoli AD Material Co.,Ltd , https://www.aolimaterials.com