Non-metallic mineral resources characteristics

Chinese non-metallic mineral resources, relatively complete variety, abundant resources, excellent texture comparison, relatively widely distributed, most of the minerals has the advantage of a small number of poor mineral reserves, generally has the following characteristics.

First, the types of mineral resources are relatively complete

China's non-metallic mineral resources are relatively complete. By the end of 1996, China has proven reserves have a total of 88 kinds of non-metallic minerals, mineral and 7615, according to industrial uses can be divided into metallurgical auxiliary raw material, chemicals and other raw materials used and construction with three categories:

(1) Metallurgical auxiliary raw materials Non-metallic mineral resources include kyanite , sillimanite, andalusite , magnesite , fluorite , limestone ( subspecies containing flux, chemical, building materials, no longer listed in other mines) , the same below ) , dolomite ( multiple uses ) , sandstone ( multiple uses ) , clay ( multiple uses ) , sand ( multiple uses ) , vein quartz ( multiple uses ) , iron bauxite , peridotite ( multiple ),, chamotte and serpentinite (multiple use), and other minerals 16, 1193 at the origin of uses quartzite (various uses).

(2) Non-metallic mineral resources of chemical raw materials include natural sulfur , sodium nitrate , alumite , pyrite , thenardite , barite , toxic heavy stone , trona , potassium-bearing sand shale , peat , salt mine, potash , magnesium 18 kinds of mineral salts, iodine, arsenic, bromine, boron, phosphorous ore, at 2230 origin.

(3) Building materials and other non-metallic mineral resources including diamond , graphite , crystal , corundum , wollastonite , talc , asbestos , blue asbestos , mica , feldspar , garnet , pyrophyllite , diopside , and flash Stone , vermiculite , zeolite , gypsum , calcite , ice stone , gemstone , jade , agate , pigment mineral , marl , chalk , powder quartz , natural oil stone , diatomaceous earth , shale , kaolin , ceramic soil , attapulgite Stone clay , sepiolite clay , illite clay , rectorite clay , bentonite , mudstone, amphibolite , gabbro, basalt , diabase , andesite , diorite , granite , perlite , pumice , nepheline 54 minerals such as syenite , tuff , trachyte , marble , volcanic ash , volcanic slag , slate and gneiss , 4 192 origins.

Second, the mineral resources are generally rich, and the reserves of minerals are abundant.

China's non-metallic mineral resources are generally rich in proven reserves, and most of the minerals can meet the needs of national economic development and development from the present century to 2010 . Abundant mineral fluorite, magnesite ore, barite, Glauber's salt, graphite, talc, wollastonite, gypsum, bentonite, salt, limestone cement, a siliceous glass material, granite and marble, not only Meet domestic demand, and there is still a surplus of exports. The proven reserves are limited, and there is no guarantee that the country needs potassium salts, trona, diamonds and high-grade gemstones. The reserves of major non-metallic mineral resources in China in 1996 are shown in Table 1 .

Table 1 Reserves and distribution of major non-metallic mineral resources in China

Third, the mineral deposits are widely distributed and relatively unbalanced

Non-metallic mineral deposits are mostly widely distributed ( Table 1) , such as fluorite, refractory clay, sulfur, barite, salt mine, mica, gypsum, cement limestone, glass siliceous material, kaolin, bentonite, granite, marble. The provinces ( districts and municipalities ) with a total coverage of more than two- thirds of the country 's mineral deposits, including mineral deposits such as cement limestone, glass siliceous materials, granite and marble, are distributed throughout the provinces ( autonomous regions and municipalities ) . At the same time, most of the mineral reserves are relatively concentrated in the eastern and central regions of China's economically developed areas, especially in the southeastern coastal areas, such as sulfur, quartz sand, kaolin, stone, graphite, talc, fluorite, barite, etc. Development and utilization and international trade provide convenient geographical conditions. The phosphate rock is relatively concentrated in the provinces of Yunnan, Guizhou, Sichuan and Hubei, forming an unfavorable layout for the south phosphorus and north transport; while the salt minerals such as potassium salt, mirabilite, salt mine and trona are widely distributed in the Qaidam Basin of Qinghai. Located in the remote plateau, it is difficult to develop.

Fourth, the quality of ore is different, the quality of metallurgical building materials is mostly high, and the quality of chemical minerals is poor.

In terms of ore quality, many of the smelting and auxiliary materials, building materials and other minerals have excellent texture and are well received by the international and domestic markets. Such as the famous scaly crystalline graphite, cryptocrystalline graphite; talc with stable quality, high grade, low impurity, magnesite and refractory clay ore; pure fluorite ore and barite ore with high expansion ratio; Perlite mine; zeolite minerals ( clinoptil and mordenite ) which are excellent in mineral varieties ; fibrous high-quality low- iron wollastonite; luxurious and elegant white marble ( marble ) and royal red ( granite ) . However, the ore grades of sulfur and phosphorus and boron ore in chemical fertilizers are low or the ore is difficult to select. National pyrite ore with an average grade of 18% only 18 S;.. Phosphate rock reserves, high-grade ore (P2O5> 30%) accounted for only 74% of the total, and total phosphate ore types of phosphate rock with refractory The type is mainly; about 90% of the boron ore reserves are difficult to select boron-magnesium iron ore type ore.

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