In recent years, there have been a number of safety incidents caused by too old chemical equipment every year. As oil and chemical equipment are subjected to high temperatures and high pressures, and are still in a corrosive and toxic environment, their losses will be very serious in the event of an accident and will also cause major casualties. For example, in the 2004 “2004†chlorine explosion in the Chongqing Tianyuan Chemical Factory, 9 people were killed and disappeared, 3 were injured, and 150,000 people in Chongqing’s downtown area were evacuated. The accident was identified as an accidental accident, but the cause of the accident was chlorine perforation in the chlorine condenser. Experts pointed out that this was due to the obsolescence of chlorine tanks and related equipment.
A wide range of equipment is used in the petroleum and chemical industries. Common equipment includes distillation towers, heating furnaces, heat exchangers, condensers, compressors, steam turbines, various types of pumps, pressure vessels, and pipelines. How should we prevent the safety accidents caused by equipment running sick? Experts pointed out that this requires the introduction of the concept of "failure control." Failure control is a new discipline, also known as failure analysis and prevention. Failure analysis is an important component of modern materials science and engineering, and it is a product of multi-disciplinary intersections. Including such topics as reliability, materials, mechanics, mechanics, chemistry, friction and wear, corrosion and protection and even biology. Failure analysis technology not only includes direct techniques such as trace analysis, crack analysis, fracture analysis, and failure assessment, but also includes some specialized testing technologies in various disciplines and technical fields such as physics, chemistry, mechanics, and electronics. Metallographic examination, component analysis, non-destructive testing, and routine mechanics are more common in experimental testing and analytical techniques for performance testing.
In order to prevent accidents caused by the failure of petroleum and chemical equipment, a group of agencies specialized in equipment failure analysis emerged. Only Sinopec set up the Shanghai Equipment Failure Analysis and Prevention Research Center, the Shenyang Equipment Failure Analysis and Prevention Research Center, and the Nanjing Equipment Failure Analysis and Prevention Research Center, which utilizes failure analysis, prediction, and prevention technologies to solve oil and chemical companies in a timely manner. Various equipment problems in the production process, improve the scientific management level of the equipment, and ensure the safety and reliable operation of chemical equipment have played an important role.
The person in charge of the Special Equipment Safety Supervision Bureau of the General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine believes that in order to ensure the safe operation of chemical equipment in use, the most fundamental thing is to effectively control and reduce the accident rate. According to the relevant regulations of the "Regulations on the Supervision of Special Equipment Safety Supervision" of the State, the The management of chemical equipment should do the following:
First, in order to meet the safety requirements of in-use chemical equipment, it is necessary to register according to the regulations and issue the use permit, and implement computer dynamic management to keep abreast of daily changes, repairs, alterations, and scrapping information; for the existence of various types of safety hazards, The chemical equipment used in the use of chemical equipment can not meet the safety requirements to complete group management; for the safety condition level can not guarantee and can not guarantee the use of safety of chemical equipment, to be rectified or scrapped within a deadline; the re-use of the decommissioned chemical equipment to be tested in accordance with relevant regulations and Assessment; Disposal of disused scrapped used chemical equipment purchased from unlicensed manufacturing, installation of chemical equipment or used goods market. At the same time, it is necessary to strengthen the awareness of using the unit's legal system for safe production and determine the principle of “responsibility of the enterprise†so that users of chemical equipment can use it, who benefits, and who is responsible.
Secondly, chemical equipment users should establish equipment safety technical files. The safety technology files should include the following contents: 1. Equipment design documents, manufacturing units, product quality certification, use and maintenance instructions and other documents and installation of technical documents and information; 2 Periodic inspection and self-inspection report of equipment; 3. Record of daily use status of equipment; 4. Routine maintenance records of equipment and its safety accessories, safety protection devices, measurement and control devices and related auxiliary instruments and meters; 5. Equipment operation failures and Accident records. At present, the management and preservation of chemical equipment archives is very weak. Especially for small-scale enterprises, the mobility of management personnel is large, and the loss of files is rather serious. Corresponding measures should be taken to solve this problem. At the same time, regular inspections of chemical equipment must be carried out at least once a month, and inspections must be recorded.
Third, safety supervision and management departments must strictly perform the functions of supervision and inspection. In addition to routine supervision and inspection of the use of chemical equipment, they should also supervise and inspect the production units and equipment inspection and testing agencies, and violate the Regulations on Safety Supervision of Special Equipment. The relevant penalty shall be stipulated. Those units that have not obtained permits, approvals, or registrations in accordance with the law are arbitrarily engaged in the production, use or inspection and testing of chemical equipment, and they shall be banned or dealt with according to law.
A wide range of equipment is used in the petroleum and chemical industries. Common equipment includes distillation towers, heating furnaces, heat exchangers, condensers, compressors, steam turbines, various types of pumps, pressure vessels, and pipelines. How should we prevent the safety accidents caused by equipment running sick? Experts pointed out that this requires the introduction of the concept of "failure control." Failure control is a new discipline, also known as failure analysis and prevention. Failure analysis is an important component of modern materials science and engineering, and it is a product of multi-disciplinary intersections. Including such topics as reliability, materials, mechanics, mechanics, chemistry, friction and wear, corrosion and protection and even biology. Failure analysis technology not only includes direct techniques such as trace analysis, crack analysis, fracture analysis, and failure assessment, but also includes some specialized testing technologies in various disciplines and technical fields such as physics, chemistry, mechanics, and electronics. Metallographic examination, component analysis, non-destructive testing, and routine mechanics are more common in experimental testing and analytical techniques for performance testing.
In order to prevent accidents caused by the failure of petroleum and chemical equipment, a group of agencies specialized in equipment failure analysis emerged. Only Sinopec set up the Shanghai Equipment Failure Analysis and Prevention Research Center, the Shenyang Equipment Failure Analysis and Prevention Research Center, and the Nanjing Equipment Failure Analysis and Prevention Research Center, which utilizes failure analysis, prediction, and prevention technologies to solve oil and chemical companies in a timely manner. Various equipment problems in the production process, improve the scientific management level of the equipment, and ensure the safety and reliable operation of chemical equipment have played an important role.
The person in charge of the Special Equipment Safety Supervision Bureau of the General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine believes that in order to ensure the safe operation of chemical equipment in use, the most fundamental thing is to effectively control and reduce the accident rate. According to the relevant regulations of the "Regulations on the Supervision of Special Equipment Safety Supervision" of the State, the The management of chemical equipment should do the following:
First, in order to meet the safety requirements of in-use chemical equipment, it is necessary to register according to the regulations and issue the use permit, and implement computer dynamic management to keep abreast of daily changes, repairs, alterations, and scrapping information; for the existence of various types of safety hazards, The chemical equipment used in the use of chemical equipment can not meet the safety requirements to complete group management; for the safety condition level can not guarantee and can not guarantee the use of safety of chemical equipment, to be rectified or scrapped within a deadline; the re-use of the decommissioned chemical equipment to be tested in accordance with relevant regulations and Assessment; Disposal of disused scrapped used chemical equipment purchased from unlicensed manufacturing, installation of chemical equipment or used goods market. At the same time, it is necessary to strengthen the awareness of using the unit's legal system for safe production and determine the principle of “responsibility of the enterprise†so that users of chemical equipment can use it, who benefits, and who is responsible.
Secondly, chemical equipment users should establish equipment safety technical files. The safety technology files should include the following contents: 1. Equipment design documents, manufacturing units, product quality certification, use and maintenance instructions and other documents and installation of technical documents and information; 2 Periodic inspection and self-inspection report of equipment; 3. Record of daily use status of equipment; 4. Routine maintenance records of equipment and its safety accessories, safety protection devices, measurement and control devices and related auxiliary instruments and meters; 5. Equipment operation failures and Accident records. At present, the management and preservation of chemical equipment archives is very weak. Especially for small-scale enterprises, the mobility of management personnel is large, and the loss of files is rather serious. Corresponding measures should be taken to solve this problem. At the same time, regular inspections of chemical equipment must be carried out at least once a month, and inspections must be recorded.
Third, safety supervision and management departments must strictly perform the functions of supervision and inspection. In addition to routine supervision and inspection of the use of chemical equipment, they should also supervise and inspect the production units and equipment inspection and testing agencies, and violate the Regulations on Safety Supervision of Special Equipment. The relevant penalty shall be stipulated. Those units that have not obtained permits, approvals, or registrations in accordance with the law are arbitrarily engaged in the production, use or inspection and testing of chemical equipment, and they shall be banned or dealt with according to law.
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